Distribution database sources
The distribution information in the database is current as of August 2019. While we did our best to make sure these distribution records were as accurate as possible, inaccuracies may exist. If you consider information on the database to be incorrect, or know of new incursions that have not been documented here, please contact us.
All links to PDFs that are 2 MB or larger in size have been labelled.
Personal communications
We are grateful to the following experts who provided information on ant distributions.
Chris Clerc, Senior Project Officer – Scientific Co-ordinator, Wet Tropics Management Authority, chris.clerc@wtma.qld.gov.au
Bonnie Dietrich, Entomologist, Hawaii Department of Agriculture, Bonnie.S.Dietrich@hawaii.gov
Xavier Espadaler, Center for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications, xavier.espadaler@uab.es
Antoine Felden, PhD Candidate, Victoria University of Wellington, Antoine.Felden@vuw.ac.nz
Viliami Hakaumotu, Tonga Invasive Species Coordinator, MLECCNR, viliamihakau@gmail.com
Ben Hoffmann, Principal Research Scientist, Land and Water Flagship, CSIRO, ben.hoffmann@csiro.au
Paul Krushelnycky, Assistant Researcher, Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawaii, paulk@hawaii.edu
Matio Lonalona, Quarantine officer, MNRL Tuvalu, matiolnln@gmail.com
Jean-Yves Meyer, Senior Researcher, Department of Research, Government of French Polynesia, jean-yves.meyer@recherche.gov.pf
Ross Miller, Professor, Entomology Faculty, University of Guam, rmiller@uguam.uog.edu
Christian Rabeling, Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, University of Rochester, christian.rabeling@rochester.edu
Samoa Quarantine Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Government of Samoa, http://www.samoaquarantine.gov.ws/index.php/contacts
Eli Sarnat, Myrmecologist, University of California, Berkeley, e.sarnat@gmail.com
Mark Schmaedick, Entomologist, American Samoa Community College, markschmaedick@earthlink.net
Alexandra Sébastien, PhD, Victoria University of Wellington, Alexandra.Sebastien@vuw.ac.nz
Eiriki Sunamura, Researcher, Development Department, Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd, sunamurae@sc.sumitomo-chem.co.jp
Kazuki Tsuji, Professor, University of the Ryukyus, tsujik@agr.u-ryukyu.ac.jp
Maclean Vaqalo, Entomologist, SPC, MacleanV@spc.int
Websites
The letters in bold italics match up with the reference within the database.
The Ants of Africa. Available from: http://antsofafrica.org/ant_species_2012/new_records_ghana_alpha.htm. Accessed 13 June 2016
AntMapsa, Anoplolepis gracilipes. Available from: http://www.antmaps.org/?mode=species&species=Anoplolepis.gracilipes. Accessed 1 March 2017
AntMapsb, Linepithema humile. Available from: http://www.antmaps.org/?mode=species&species=Linepithema.humile. Accessed 2 March 2017
AntMapsc, Pheidole megacephala. Available from: http://www.antmaps.org/?mode=species&species=Pheidole.megacephala. Accessed 14 March 2017
AntMapsd, Solenopsis invicta. Available from: http://www.antmaps.org/?mode=species&species=Solenopsis.invicta. Accessed 3 April 2017
AntMapse, Wasmannia auropunctata. Available from: http://www.antmaps.org/?mode=species&species=Wasmannia.auropunctata. Accessed 3 April 2017
AntWeba, Anoplolepis gracilipes. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?genus=anoplolepis&species=gracilipes&rank=species&project=allantwebants. Accessed 19 January 2016
AntWebb, Lepisiota frauenfeldi. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?genus=lepisiota&species=frauenfeldi&rank=species&project=reunionants. Accessed 23 February 2016
AntWebc, Linepithema humile. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?genus=linepithema&name=humile&rank=species. Accessed 19 January 2016
AntWebd, Monomorium floricola. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?genus=monomorium&species=floricola&rank=species&project=allantwebants. Accessed 17 February 2016
AntWebe, Monomorium pharaonis. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?rank=species&genus=monomorium&name=pharaonis&project=worldants. Accessed 20 January 2016
AntWebf, Nylanderia fulva. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?name=fulva&genus=nylanderia&rank=species&project=galapagosislandsants. Accessed 23 February 2016
AntWebg, Paratrechina longicornis. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?genus=paratrechina&name=longicornis&rank=species. Accessed 20 January 2016
AntWebh, Pheidole megacephala. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?rank=species&genus=pheidole&name=megacephala. Accessed 21 January 2016
AntWebi, Solenopsis geminata. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?species=geminata&genus=solenopsis&rank=species&project=reunionants. Accessed 21 January 2016
AntWebj, Solenopsis invicta. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?rank=species&name=invicta&genus=solenopsis&project=null. Accessed 22 January 2016
AntWebk, Tapinoma melanocephalum. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?rank=species&name=melanocephalum&genus=tapinoma. Accessed 22 January 2016
AntWebl, Technomyrmex albipes. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?rank=species&genus=technomyrmex&name=albipes&project=. Accessed 26 January 2016
AntWebm, Technomyrmex difficilis. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?genus=technomyrmex&name=difficilis&rank=species. Accessed 26 January 2016
AntWebn, Technomyrmex vitiensis. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?name=vitiensis&genus=technomyrmex&rank=species&project=hawaiiants. Accessed 26 January 2016
AntWebo, Tetramorium bicarinatum. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?rank=species&name=bicarinatum&genus=tetramorium&project=reunionants. Accessed 27 January 2016
AntWebp, Tetramorium simillimum. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?rank=species&name=simillimum&genus=tetramorium&project=tokelauants. Accessed 27 January 2016
AntWebq, Trichomyrmex destructor. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?rank=species&genus=trichomyrmex&name=destructor. Accessed 27 January 2016
AntWebr, Wasmannia auropunctata. Available from: https://www.antweb.org/browse.do?genus=wasmannia&name=auropunctata&rank=species. Accessed 27 January 2016
AntWikia, Anoplolepis gracilipes. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Anoplolepis_gracilipes. Accessed 19 January 2016
AntWikib, Lepisiota frauenfeldi. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Lepisiota_frauenfeldi. Accessed 23 February 2016
AntWikic, Linepithema humile. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Linepithema_humile. Accessed 19 January 2016
AntWikid, Monomorium floricola. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Monomorium_floricola. Accessed 17 February 2016
AntWikie, Monomorium pharaonis. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Monomorium_pharaonis. Accessed 20 January 2016
AntWikif, Nylanderia fulva. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Nylanderia_fulva. Accessed 23 February 2016
AntWikig, Paratrechina longicornis. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Paratrechina_longicornis. Accessed 20 January 2016
AntWikih, Pheidole megacephala. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Pheidole_megacephala. Accessed 21 January 2016
AntWikii, Solenopsis geminata. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Solenopsis_geminata. Accessed 21 January 2016
AntWikij, Solenopsis invicta. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Solenopsis_invicta. Accessed 22 January 2016
AntWikik, Tapinoma melanocephalum. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Tapinoma_melanocephalum. Accessed 22 January 2016
AntWikil, Technomyrmex albipes. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Technomyrmex_albipes. Accessed 26 January 2016
AntWikim, Technomyrmex difficilis. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Technomyrmex_difficilis. Accessed 26 January 2016
AntWikin, Technomyrmex vitiensis. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Technomyrmex_vitiensis. Accessed 26 January 2016
AntWikio, Tetramorium bicarinatum. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Tetramorium_bicarinatum. Accessed 27 January 2016
AntWikip, Tetramorium simillimum. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Tetramorium_simillimum. Accessed 27 January 2016
AntWikiq, Trichomyrmex destructor. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Trichomyrmex_destructor. Accessed 27 January 2016
AntWikir Wasmannia auropunctata. Available from: http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/Wasmannia_auropunctata. Accessed 27 January 2016
Cook Islands Biodiversity and Natural Heritagea, Anoplolepis gracilipes. Available from: http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/species.asp?id=9302. Accessed 28 January 2016
Cook Islands Biodiversity and Natural Heritageb, Paratrechina longicornis. Available from: http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/species.asp?id=7604. Accessed 28 January 2016
Cook Islands Biodiversity and Natural Heritagec, Pheidole megacephala. Available from: http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/species.asp?id=7630. Accessed 28 January 2016
Cook Islands Biodiversity and Natural Heritaged, Solenopsis geminata. Available from: http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/species.asp?id=7751. Accessed 28 January 2016
Cook Islands Biodiversity and Natural Heritagee, Tapinoma melanocephalum. Available from: http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/species.asp?id=9323. Accessed 28 January 2016
Cook Islands Biodiversity and Natural Heritagef, Technomyrmex albipes. Available from: http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/species.asp?id=9328. Accessed 28 January 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)a, Anoplolepis gracilipes. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1317433&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 19 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)b, Lepisiota frauenfeldi. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1320868&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed February 19 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)c, Linepithema humile. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1316908&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 19 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)d, Monomorium floricola. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1314699&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false&offset=0. Accessed February 17 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)e, Monomorium pharaonis. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1314773&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 20 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)f, Nylanderia fulva. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1325576&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed February 19 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)g, Paratrechina longicornis. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1325561&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 20 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)h, Pheidole megacephala. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1322635&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 21 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)i, Solenopsis geminata. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=5035187&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 21 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)j, Solenopsis invicta. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=5035230&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 22 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)k, Tapinoma melanocephalum. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1316805&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 22 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)l, Technomyrmex albipes. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1320126&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 26 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)m, Tetramorium bicarinatum. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1323402&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 27 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)n, Tetramorium simillimum. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1323414&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 27 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)o, Trichomyrmex destructor. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1314508&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 27 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)p, Wasmannia auropunctata. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=1315391&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed January 27 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)q, Technomyrmex difficilis. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=7834716&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed June 10 2016
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)r, Technomyrmex vitiensis. Available from: http://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=7664179&HAS_COORDINATE=true&HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE=false. Accessed June 14 2016
Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)a, Anoplolepis gracilipes. Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=110. Accessed June 10 2016
Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)b, Linepithema humile. Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=127. Accessed June 10 2016
Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)c, Monomorium pharaonis. Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=961. Accessed June 10 2016
Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)d, Paratrechina longicornis. Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=958. Accessed June 10 2016
Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)e, Pheidole megacephala. Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=132. Accessed June 10 2016
Global Invasive Species Database(GISD)f, Solenopsis geminata. Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=169. Accessed June 10 2016
Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)g, Technomyrmex albipes. Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=1061. Accessed June 10 2016
Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)h, Trichomyrmex destructor. Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=960. Accessed June 10 2016
Government of Western Australia, Department of Food and Agriculture. Available from: https://www.agric.wa.gov.au/biosecurity/browsing-ants?page=0%2C1. Accessed February 23 2016
Global register of introduced and invasive species (GRIIS)a, Anoplolepis gracilipes. Available from: http://www.griis.org/. Accessed June 13 2016
Global register of introduced and invasive species (GRIIS)b, Linepithema humile. Available from: http://www.griis.org/. Accessed June 13 2016
Global register of introduced and invasive species (GRIIS)c, Monomorium pharaonis. Available from: http://www.griis.org/. Accessed June 13 2016
Global register of introduced and invasive species (GRIIS)d, Pheidole megacephala. Available from: http://www.griis.org/. Accessed June 13 2016
Korea Times, Solenopsis invicta. 2017. Available from: http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2017/10/119_237251.html. Accessed 14 November 2017
Korea Times, Solenopsis invicta. 2018. Available from: http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2018/10/119_256688.html. Accessed 17 October 2018
Landcare Research. Available from: http://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/science/plants-animals-fungi/animals/invertebrates/invasive-invertebrates/antsnz/ant-distribution-data/new-zealand/pheidole-megacephala. Accessed 28 January 2016
Journal articles / Reports
Abbott, Sarty, Lester. 2006. The ants of Tokelau. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 33: 157-164
Atherton, Jefferies. 2012. Rapid biodiversity assessment of upland Savai'I, Samoa (download 5.2 MB). SPREP
Atherton, McKenna, Wheatley. 2015. Rapid biodiversity assessment of the Vava'u archipelago, Kingdon of Tonga (download 10.7 MB). SPREP
Bharti, Wachkoo, Kumar. 2017. First inventory of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in northwestern Shivalik, India. Halteres 8: 33-68
Chong, Lee. 2009. Evaluation of liquid baits against field populations of the longlegged ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 102(4): 1586-1590
Clouse. 2007. The ants of Micronesia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Micronesica 39(2): 171-295
Collingwood, Van Harten. 2001. The ants (Hym., Formicidae) of Niue, south west Pacific. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 137: 139-143
Dejean, Moreau, Kenne, Leponce. 2008. The raiding success of Pheidole megacephala on other ants in both its native and introduced ranges. C.R. Biologies 331: 631-635
Delabie, Groc, Dejean. 2011. The tramp ant Technomyrmex vitiensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae) on South America. Florida Entomologist 94(3): 688-689
Diamé, Taylor, Blatrix, Vayssières, Rey, Grechi, Diarra. 2017. A preliminary checklist of the ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) fauna of Senegal. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 5(15): 1-16
Donisthrope. 1935. The ants of Christmas Island. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 15: 629-636
Donoso, Onore, Ramón, Lattke. 2014. Invasive ants of continental Ecuador, a first account. REMCB 35: 133-141
Eller, Fezza, Carvalho, Jang, Palmquist. 2015. Field test for repellency of cedarwood oil and cedrol to little fire ants. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 47: 71-77
Espadaler, Bernal. 2003. Exotic ants of the Canary Islands (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Vieraea 31: 1-7
Espadaler, Pradera, Santana. 2018. The first outdoor-nesting population of Wasmannia auropunctata in continental Europe. Iberomyrmex 10
Evenhuis, Eldrege, Arakaki, Oishi, Garcia, Haines. 2010. Terrestrial Arthropod Surveys on Pagan Island, Northern Marianas. Pacific Biological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Fasi 2009. Quantifying the dominance of little fire ant (Wasmannia auropunctata) and its effect on crops in the Solomon Islands. MSc Thesis, University of the South Pacific
Fisher, Beames, Rangers, Rangers, Majer, Heterick. 2014. Using ants to monitor changes within and surrounding the endangered monsoon vine thickets of the tropical Dampier Peninsula, north Western Australia. Forest Ecology and Management 318: 78-90
Framenau, Thomas. 2008. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean): identification and distribution. Records of the Western Australian Museum 25: 45-85
Gruber, Burne, Abbott, Pierce, Lester. 2012. Population decline but increased distribution of an invasive ant genotype on a Pacific atoll. Biological Invasions 15(3): 599-612
Gruber, Cooling, Burne. 2017. An invasive ant distribution database to support biosecurity risk analysis in the Pacific. Pacific Conservation Biology, http://www.publish.csiro.au/PC/PC17004
Heterick, Lythe, Smithyman. 2013. Urbanisation factors impacting on ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) biodiversity in the Perth metropolitan area, Western Australia: two case studies. Urban Ecosystems 16(2): 145-173
Hoffmann, Auina, Stanley. 2014. Targeted research to improve invasive species management: Yellow crazy ant Anoplolepis gracilipes in Samoa. PLoS ONE 9(4): e95301
Inoue, Sunamura, Suhr, Ito, Tatsuki, Goka. 2013. Recent range expansion of the Argentine ant in Japan. Diversity and Distributions 19: 29-37
Inoue, Saito-Morooka, Suzuki, Nomura, Hayasaka, Kishimoto, Sugimaru, Sugiyama, Goka. 2015. Ecological impacts on native ant and ground-dwelling animal communities through Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) management in Japan. Applied Entomology and Zoology 50: 331-339
Jaitrong, Guenard, Economo, Buddhakala, Yamane. 2016. A checklist of known ant species of Laos (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Asian Myrmecology 8: 17-48
Klimes, Okrouhlík. 2015. Invasive ant Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a rare guest or increasingly common indoor pest in Europe? European Journal of Entomology 112(4): 705-712
Kouakou, Yeo, Ouattara, Dekoninck, Delsinne, Konate. 2018. Investigating urban ant community (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in port cities and in major towns along the border in Côte d'Ivoire: a rapid assessment to detect potential introduced invasive ant species. Journal of Animal & Plant Science 36(1): 5793-5811
Kouakou, Yeo, Vanderheyden, Kone, Delsinne, Ouattara, Herrera, Dekoninck. 2017. First morphological and molecular confirmed report of the invasive tropical fire ant, Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius, 1804) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Cote d'Ivoire (West Africa). BioInvasions Records 6(2): 173-179
Krushelnycky. 2015. Ecology of some lesser-studied introduced ant species in Hawaiian forests. Journal of Insect Conservation 19: 659-667
Kumar, LeBrun, Stohlgren, Stabach, McDonald, Oi, LaPolla. 2015. Evidence of niche shift and global invasion potential of the tawny crazy ant, Nylanderia fulva (download 2 MB). Ecology and Evolution 5(20): 4628-4641
Ledoux, Allouche, Meyer, Putoa, Jourdan. 2006. An update of the ant fauna of Tahiti and Moorea (French Polynesia). IUSSI 2006 Congress (Poster)
McKenna, Butler, Wheatley. 2015. Rapid biodiversity assessment of Republic of Narau (download 4.6 MB). SPREP
Na, Lee. 2001. Identification key to common urban pest ants in Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine 18(1): 1-17
Pacheco, Vasconcelos. 2007. Invertebrate conservation in urban areas: ants in the Brazilian Cerrado. Landscape and Urban Planning. 81: 193-199
Peck, Banko. 2011. Survey of invasive ants at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge. Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit HCSU-027
Peck, Banko. 2015. Ants of the national park of American Samoa. Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit HCSU-061
Peck, Banko, Pendleton, Schmaedick, Ernsberger. 2014. Arthropods of Rose Atoll with special reference to ants and Pulvinaria urbicola scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae). Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit HCSU-057
Rosas-Mejía, Vásquez-Bolaños, Gaona-García, Vanoye-Eligio. 2018. First report of the exotic ant Monomorium pharaonis from Tamaulipas State, Mexico. Southwestern Entomologist 43(2): 531-533
Saurara, Vaqalo. 2015. Trip Report to Nauru (download 2 MB). Secretariat of the Pacific Community
Savage, Rudgers, Whitney. 2009. Elevated dominance of extrafloral nectary-bearing plants is associated with increased abundances of an invasive ant and reduced native at richness. Diversity and Distributions 15: 751-761 (List of ant species in supplementary material)
Schifani, Gentile, Scupola, Espadaler. 2018. Yet another alien: a second species of Lepisiota spreading across the Canary Islands, Spain (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Fragmenta entomologica 50(1): 61-64
Taheri, Reyes-López. 2018. Exotic ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Morocco: checklist, comments and new faunistic data. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 144(1): 99-108
Taylor. 1967. Entomological survey of the Cook Islands and Niue. New Zealand Journal of Science 10(4): 1092-1095
Väänänen, Vepsäläinen, Vepsäläinen. 2018. Technomyrmex vitiensis Mann, 1921 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dolichoderinae), a new exotic tramp ant in Finland. Sahlbergia 24(1): 14-19
Vanderwoude. 2007. Little fire ant (Wasmannia auropunctata) in Port Vila: report to Secretariat of the Pacific community on activities 5-14th October 2007, and recommendations for future management. Unpublished report to Secretariat of the Pacific Community
Vanderwoude. 2008. Operational plan for management of Wasmannia auropunctata (little fire ant) in East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea. VCL New Zealand DOI: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/19914
Vaqalo, Lonalona, Panapa, Khan. 2014. Yellow crazy ants and fruit fly surveys in Tuvalu: 25th October to 4th November 2014. Secretariat of the Pacific Community
Ward. 2007. The distribution and ecology of invasive ant species in the Pacific region. PhD Thesis, University of Auckland
Ward, Wetterer. 2006. Checklist of the ants of Fiji (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). In: Fiji arthropods III (Evenhuis, Bickel eds), pp 23-47 Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 85
Warner, Scheffrahn. 2004. Feeding preferences of white-footed ants, Technomyrmex albipes (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), to selected liquids. University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
Way, Bolton. 1997. Competition between ants for coconut palm nesting sites. Journal of Natural History. 31(3): 439-455
Wetterer. 2002. Ants of Tonga. Pacific Science 56(2): 125-135
Wetterer. 2005. Worldwide distribution and potential spread of the long-legged ant, Anoplolepis gracilipes (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology 45(1): 1-21
Wetterer. 2008. Worldwide spread of the longhorn crazy ant, Paratrechina longicornis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News 11:137-149
Wetterer. 2009a. Worldwide spread of the destroyer ant, Monomorium destructor (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News 12: 97-108
Wetterer. 2009b. Worldwide spread of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News 12: 23-33
Wetterer. 2009c. Worldwide spread of the penny ant, Tetramorium bicarinatum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology 54(3): 1-20
Wetterer. 2010a. Worldwide spread of the flower ant, Monomorium floricola (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News 13:19-27
Wetterer. 2010b. Worldwide spread of the pharaoh ant, Monomorium pharaonis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News 13: 115-129
Wetterer. 2011. Worldwide spread of the tropical fire ant, Solenopsis geminata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News 14: 21-35
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